Verificou-se intervenções com resultado estatistica=
mente
significativo na redução dos desfechos em 15 (55,5%) das publicações. Autor=
es
de 16 (59,3%) artigos referiram que a amostra reduzida foi a principal
limitação do estudo.
DISCUSSÃO
Identificou-se a utilização de uma grande variedade de interve=
nções,
com atividades tradicionais como auriculoterapia=
(20) e aromaterapia=
(15,26), algumas com cunho cultural, como mantras=
(12,17), e outras inseridas em programas e protocolo=
s,
como o Mindbodystrong=
(33), o Relation
Response =
(28) e o Jin Shin Jyutsu<=
/span>
=
(16). Emergiram atividades elaboradas, programas de redução do
estresse e ansiedade que já se encontram comercializados ou com marca
registrada, assim como atividades simples e de baixo custo. A heterogeneidade nas intervenções inviabilizou a aná=
lise
comparativa entre as publicações.
O Mindfulness foi a terapia mais utili=
zada=
(22,29–31,36), com resultado positivo em três pesquisas. =
Estudo
que analisou in=
tervenções
utilizadas para promover o bem-estar no trabalho verificou que intervenções
baseadas em mindfulness e meditação são as mais
eficazes para melhorar a saúde e o desempenho ocupacional =
(37). <=
/p>
Houve ausência de resultado satisfatório em três estudos para =
redução
do estresse =
(11,14,19), um para ansiedade =
(22), cinco para estresse e ansiedade ADDIN CSL_CITATION {"citationIt=
ems":[{"id":"ITEM-1","itemData":{"a=
bstract":"Background:
Stress is a condition that occurs when the physical and psychological borde=
rs
of the organism are threatened. If stress is experienced continuously and
intensively for a long time, it causes anxiety. Nursing is one of the
professions which experiences intensive stress. In particular, increasing t=
he
quality of nursing care in intensive care units is directly related with de=
creasing
nurses' stress and anxiety levels. Aims: This study aims to investigate the
effects of aromatherapy on the stress and anxiety levels of nurses working =
in
intensive care
units.","author":[{"dropping-particle":""=
;,"family":"Baris
Eren","given":"Nadiye","non-dropping-particle=
":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":"=
"},{"dropping-particle":"","family":&quo=
t;Oztunc","given":"Gursel","non-dropping-part=
icle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":&q=
uot;"}],"container-title":"International
Journal of Caring","id":"ITEM-1","issued"=
;:{"date-parts":[["2018"]]},"title":"The
Effects of Aromatherapy on the Stress and Anxiety Levels of Nurses Working =
in
Intensive Care Units","type":"report","volume=
":"10"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/docu=
ments/?uuid=3D32d5ec9e-1427-3486-86c0-0d9267aa5de9"]},{"id":=
"ITEM-2","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1177/0898=
010117719207","ISSN":"15525724","PMID":&=
quot;28720029","abstract":"Purpose:
The purpose of this pilot study was threefold: to teach nurses the Relaxati=
on
Response (RR), a relaxation technique created by Benson; to measure the eff=
ects
of the RR on nurses’ levels of anxiety, depression, well-being, and
work-related stress; and to explore nurses’ confidence in teaching their
patients the RR. Design: A wait-list, randomized-control quantitative study
design was used. Method: Nurses in the intervention group were trained on t=
he
benefits and the technique of the RR and were then asked to practice the RR
over an 8-week period. Findings: No statistical significance was found in
nurses’ reported level of anxiety, depression, well-being, and work-related
stress. However, the nurses reported greater confidence in teaching this
technique to patients (p <.001). Conclusion: As a strategy for self-care=
in
the workplace, nurses were receptive to learning the RR and reported confid=
ence
in using this strategy for their patients. Larger studies may reveal more
significant reductions in workplace stress and anxiety for
nurses.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"&quo=
t;,"family":"Calder
Calisi","given":"Catherine","non-dropping-par=
ticle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":&=
quot;"}],"container-title":"Journal
of Holistic
Nursing","id":"ITEM-2","issue":"4&q=
uot;,"issued":{"date-parts":[["2017","12=
","18"]]},"page":"318-327","publish=
er":"SAGE
Publications Inc.","title":"The Effects of the Relaxati=
on
Response on Nurses’ Level of Anxiety, Depression, Well-Being, Work-Related
Stress, and Confidence to Teach
Patients","type":"article-journal","volume&qu=
ot;:"35"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/documen=
ts/?uuid=3D7d0bdfe4-6945-3dbc-8f33-01e827214793"]},{"id":&qu=
ot;ITEM-3","itemData":{"DOI":"10.1007/s12671-=
017-0795-x","ISSN":"18688535","abstract"=
:"It
has been well documented that workplace stress can have a negative impact on
nurse well-being and productivity, and can result in the syndrome of compas=
sion
fatigue, which is comprised of secondary traumatic stress and burnout.
Identifying effective and practical workplace interventions to help improve
nurse resilience to prevent compassion fatigue is therefore a high priority.
This study trialled the effectiveness of a brief mindful self-care and
resiliency intervention for nurses working in an Australian tertiary hospit=
al
compared to nurses in a wait list control condition. A total of 91 nurses
participated in the study (n =3D 65 intervention condition; n =3D 26 control
condition). The intervention involved a 1-day workshop followed by three we=
ekly
mindfulness practice sessions. Nurses completed measures of burnout, second=
ary
traumatic stress, negative mood, self-compassion, compassion satisfaction,
subjective quality of life and general self-efficacy at pre-test, post-test=
and
6-month follow-up. Analysis revealed that compared to the control group, the
intervention group had significant reductions in burnout and depressed mood
upon completion of the MSCR. Follow-up data indicated that these reductions
persisted at 6-month post-MSCR for the intervention group. While interactio=
ns
between intervention and control conditions for other measures failed to re=
ach
statistical significance, follow-up analysis revealed significant improveme=
nts
in compassion satisfaction, self-compassion and subjective quality of life =
for
nurses completing the intervention. As a whole, the findings demonstrate th=
at a
brief mindfulness-based self-care intervention is effective at improving the
emotional functioning of nurses.","author":[{"dropping-=
particle":"","family":"Slatyer","gi=
ven":"Susan","non-dropping-particle":"",=
"parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropp=
ing-particle":"","family":"Craigie",&quo=
t;given":"Mark","non-dropping-particle":"&quo=
t;,"parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dr=
opping-particle":"","family":"Heritage",=
"given":"Brody","non-dropping-particle":"=
;","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{&qu=
ot;dropping-particle":"","family":"Davis"=
;,"given":"Sue","non-dropping-particle":"=
;","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{&qu=
ot;dropping-particle":"","family":"Rees"=
,"given":"Clare","non-dropping-particle":&quo=
t;","parse-names":false,"suffix":""}],&q=
uot;container-title":"Mindfulness","id":"ITEM=
-3","issue":"2","issued":{"date-par=
ts":[["2018","4","1"]]},"page"=
:"534-546","publisher":"Springer
New York LLC","title":"Evaluating the Effectiveness of a
Brief Mindful Self-Care and Resiliency (MSCR) Intervention for Nurses: a
Controlled Trial","type":"article-journal","v=
olume":"9"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/=
documents/?uuid=3D77e75e57-26b4-3d77-86d8-15fb90bfa6dc"]},{"id&qu=
ot;:"ITEM-4","itemData":{"DOI":"10.2147/=
NDT.S223036","ISSN":"11782021","abstract"=
;:"Background/purpose:
Workplace stress among nurses providing care for people living with human
immunodeficiency virus is a serious problem in China that may increase rate=
s of
job burnout and affect quality of care. Mindfulness-based intervention has =
been
shown to be effective in relieving stress and burnout in nurses. Therefore,=
we
designed a mixed-method pilot study to evaluate a mindfulness-based
intervention for nurses providing care for people living with human
immunodeficiency virus. Methods: Twenty nurses caring for people living with
human immunodeficiency virus in the First Hospital of Changsha, China
participated in a mindfulness-based intervention for 2 hr sessions weekly f=
or 6
weeks. The Perceived Stress Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Five Facets
Mindfulness Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Beck
Depression Inventory were used to collect data before and after the
mindfulness-based intervention. Participants were invited to attend an in-d=
epth
interview 1 week after the end of the mindfulness-based intervention to give
feedback. Results: The quantitative analyses revealed a significant change =
in
Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire scores. There were no significant
differences between pre-and post-interven-tion measures of any other variab=
les.
Qualitative results showed nurses experienced a decrease in work and daily =
life
pressures; improvements in communications with patients, colleagues and fam=
ilies,
with better regulation of negative emotions, and acceptance of other people=
and
attention. Conclusion: This study supports the acceptability and potential
benefits of the mindfulness-based intervention in helping nurses caring for
people living with human immunodeficiency virus to manage stress and emotio=
ns,
and improve their acceptance of others and attention. A larger study with a
randomized controlled trial design is warranted to confirm the effectivenes=
s of
this mindfulness-based intervention.","author":[{"dropp=
ing-particle":"","family":"Pan","gi=
ven":"Chen","non-dropping-particle":"",&=
quot;parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"droppi=
ng-particle":"","family":"Wang","gi=
ven":"Honghong","non-dropping-particle":"&quo=
t;,"parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dr=
opping-particle":"","family":"Chen",&quo=
t;given":"Minzhen","non-dropping-particle":"&=
quot;,"parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"=
;dropping-particle":"","family":"Cai",&q=
uot;given":"Yu","non-dropping-particle":"&quo=
t;,"parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{"dr=
opping-particle":"","family":"Xiao",&quo=
t;given":"Changgen","non-dropping-particle":"=
","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{&quo=
t;dropping-particle":"","family":"Tang",=
"given":"Qiuping","non-dropping-particle":&qu=
ot;","parse-names":false,"suffix":""},{&=
quot;dropping-particle":"","family":"Koniak-G=
riffin","given":"Deborah","non-dropping-parti=
cle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":&qu=
ot;"}],"container-title":"Neuropsychiatric
Disease and
Treatment","id":"ITEM-4","issued":{"=
;date-parts":[["2019"]]},"page":"3131-3141&qu=
ot;,"publisher":"Dove
Medical Press Ltd.","title":"Mindfulness-based interven=
tion
for nurses in AIDS care in China: A pilot study","type":&quo=
t;article-journal","volume":"15"},"uris"=
:["http://www.mendeley.com/documents/?uuid=3D24292401-e0a6-3d57-8235-2=
13b44e9801c"]},{"id":"ITEM-5","itemData"=
:{"DOI":"10.1111/jonm.13049","ISSN":"136=
52834","PMID":"32432795","abstract":&quo=
t;Aim:
To assess the effect of a 4-week mindfulness-based training intervention on
improving stress, anxiety, depression and job satisfaction among ward nurse=
s.
Background: Previous literature showed that mindfulness-based training is
useful for helping nurses cope with stress. Method: Nurses who have mild to
moderate levels of stress, anxiety and depression identified from a teaching
hospital were invited to a randomized control trial. The intervention group=
had
a 2-hr Mindfulness-Based Training workshop, followed by 4 weeks of guided s=
elf-practice
Mindfulness-Based Training website. Both the intervention group (n =3D 118)=
and
the control group (n =3D 106) were evaluated pre- and post-intervention, an=
d 8
weeks later (follow-up) using the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21,=
Job
Satisfaction Scale and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale. Results: There wa=
s a
significant effect over time on stress, anxiety, depression and mindfulness
level (p <.05). Regarding the difference between the groups and interact=
ion
between time and group, there was a significant effect for anxiety (p =3D.0=
37 p
=3D.008) and job satisfaction (p <.001, p =3D.40), respectively, with mo=
derate
effect size for anxiety reduction (.465) and small for job satisfaction
increment (.221). Conclusion: Mindfulness-Based Training is effective in
improving anxiety and job satisfaction among nurses. Clinical Implications =
for
Nursing Management: Mindfulness-Based Training can be included as hospital
policy to reduce anxiety and increase job satisfaction among
nurses.","author":[{"dropping-particle":"&quo=
t;,"family":"Ghawadra","given":"Sajed
Faisal","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-nam=
es":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle&qu=
ot;:"","family":"Lim
Abdullah","given":"Khatijah","non-dropping-pa=
rticle":"","parse-names":false,"suffix":=
""},{"dropping-particle":"","family"=
;:"Choo","given":"Wan
Yuen","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names=
":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle"=
;:"","family":"Danaee","given":&quo=
t;Mahmoud","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-=
names":false,"suffix":""},{"dropping-particle=
":"","family":"Phang","given":=
"Cheng
Kar","non-dropping-particle":"","parse-names&=
quot;:false,"suffix":""}],"container-title":&=
quot;Journal
of Nursing
Management","id":"ITEM-5","issue":"=
5","issued":{"date-parts":[["2020","=
;7","24"]]},"page":"1088-1097","pub=
lisher":"Blackwell
Publishing Ltd","title":"The effect of mindfulness-based
training on stress, anxiety, depression and job satisfaction among ward nur=
ses:
A randomized control
trial","type":"article-journal","volume"=
:"28"},"uris":["http://www.mendeley.com/documents/=
?uuid=3D19b7d8d3-b52d-3159-97ae-7dcb965ce79e"]}],"mendeley":=
{"formattedCitation":"(26,28,29,31,36)","plainText=
FormattedCitation":"(26,28,29,31,36)","previouslyFormat=
tedCitation":"(26,28,29,31,36)"},"properties":{&qu=
ot;noteIndex":0},"schema":"https://github.com/citation-=
style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}=
(26,28,29,31,36), além de dois resultados parcialmente
satisfatórios =
(24,32). Os autores citam como
limitação o fato de terem trabalhado com amostras pequenas. No entanto, est=
a RI
identificou pesquisas=
(21,35) com amostras com menos de 30 indivíduos e c=
om
resultado estatisticamente satisfatório, sugerindo que distintas variáveis
possam ter interferido no resultado da intervenção ou que o instrumento
utilizado não foi sensível para captar as modificações nos trabalhadores.
Programas educativos e de gerenciamento do estresse e ansiedad=
e apareceram
em cinco estudos=
(10,18,19,27,34), com resultado positivo em quatro deles. En=
tende-se
que o estresse relacionado à profissão pode ser atenuado, mas não extinto. =
Por
esse motivo, programas educacionais de gerenciamento do estresse são vistos
como benéficos e necessários, reduzindo efeitos adversos do trabalho=
=
(18). Estudo=
(38) identificou em uma avaliação
realizada com trabalhadores de diversos ramos que o relaxamento e a meditaç=
ão foram
as terapias mais utilizadas, entretanto, os profissionais que utilizaram
abordagem cognitivas e educacionais obtiveram melhores resultados.
Apenas três pesquisas=
(12,17,24) utili=
zaram
marcadores biológicos para avaliar o efeito da intervenção. A avaliação de
marcadores biológicos oferece um panorama fisiológico das condições do
indivíduo quando ocorre exposição a eventos estressantes, sendo considerada
como padrão ouro. A variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, é um marcador
biológico não invasivo que fornece resultados em tempo real, com a utilizaç=
ão de
softwares disponíveis no mercado=
(12,24). Por este motivo, poderiam ser mais utilizad=
as
em pesquisas com estresse e ansiedade.
Esta RI direciona para a necessidade da realização de <=
span
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Times New Roman",se=
rif;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>pesquisas robustas na área, a pa=
rtir
da identificação das intervenções utilizadas e dos resultados obtidos em
profissionais de enfermagem, podendo servir como subsídio para encorajar as
instituições a organizarem programas contínuos e estruturados de gerenciame=
nto
do estresse e ansiedade. Ressalta-se que as publicações selecionadas sugere=
m a individualização do tratamento, apostando no reconhec=
imento
das singularidades de cada trabalhador ou nas características de um grupo,
utilizando as distintas possibilidades existentes.
CONCLUSÃO
Esta revisão identificou intervenções utilizadas para redução do estresse
ocupacional e ansiedade em profissionais da enfermagem, contribuindo para o
conhecimento e promoção da saúde ocupacional. Entretanto,
verificou-se que a mesma intervenção obteve resultados divergentes em
populações distintas, sugerindo uma análise detalhada dos grupos, teste pil=
oto,
e individualização da intervenção conforme a necessidade. Salienta-se a importâ=
ncia
do investimento em programas com múltiplas atividades, que incentivem o
autoconhecimento.
REFERÊNCIAS<=
/b>
<=
span
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Submissão: 2021-06-13
Aprovado: 2021-07-28<=
/span>
Autor correspondente:=
Andréia Barcellos Teixeira Maced=
o
Rua São Francisco, 528, Bairro N=
ossa
Senhora das Graças, Canoas, RS
CEP 92025-410<=
/p>
Fone (51) 993129487
abtmacedo@gmail.com
![](3D"1141-Textodoartigo-PT_arquivos/image001.png")
RESULTADOS![3D"Retângulo:](3D"1141-Textodoartigo-PT_arquivos/image003.png")
![3D"Retângulo:](3D"1141-Textodoartigo-PT_arquivos/image004.png")
![3D"Retângulo:](3D"1141-Textodoartigo-PT_arquivos/image005.png")
![3D"Retângulo:](3D"1141-Textodoartigo-PT_arquivos/image006.png")
![](3D"1141-Textodoartigo-PT_arquivos/image007.png")
![](3D"1141-Textodoartigo-PT_arquivos/image008.png")
![](3D"1141-Textodoartigo-PT_arquivos/image010.png")